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| Sex hormones |
| The hormones responsible for regulation of reproduction and for the development of the male and female sexual characteristics. Sex hormones are produced chiefly by the gonads (ovaries in women, testes in men). Estrogens and progestational hormones are described as female sex hormones, androgens as male sex hormones. |
| Sexual maturity |
| Stage of life when a woman can have children. |
| Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) |
| Infectious diseases that are transmitted chiefly by sexual contact. The "classical" sexually transmitted diseases include particularly gonorrhoea, syphilis, chancroid, lymphogranuloma inguinale and lymphogranuloma venereum. According to the classification of the World Health Organisation, the sexually transmitted diseases also include trichomoniasis (TV), chlamydial infections, genital herpes, candidiasis (thrush), infection with human papilloma virus (genital warts), viral hepatitis and AIDS. |
| Sperm |
| Spermatozoon (sing.), spermatozoa (pl.). Male sex cells. Sperm are capable of independent movement. They have a head containing the paternal genetic information and a tail composed of several sections, this provides their motility. The sperm formed in the testes have to go through a process of maturation in the epididymides. |
| Spermatozoon (pl. spermatozoa) |
| See sperm. |
| Spermicides |
| Contraceptive preparations that kill sperm. The various formulations available (pessaries, creams, tablets, sprays etc.) also produce a foam or film that helps to prevent sperm from entering the uterus. |
| STD |
| Sexually transmitted disease. |
| Sterilization |
| Rendering infertile by a surgical procedure. In women there are several possible methods of sterilization. They all have the same aim - to prevent the ovum from meeting the sperm in the fallopian tube. Surgical division or ligation of the fallopian tubes or can achieve this by their partial or total removal. In men the vas deferens is divided or ligated in a minor surgical procedure (vasectomy). |
| Subtotal hysterectomy (partial hysterectomy) |
| A surgical procedure in which the fundus of the uterus is removed but the cervix is left in place. Because the ovaries are not removed, the body continues to produce estrogen and symptoms of menopause are not experienced due to this surgery, but may be experienced naturally later in life. |
| Surgical menopause |
| The onset of menopause that occurs soon after the surgical removal of the ovaries in a woman who is still menstruating. |
| Symptom |
| An indication of a disease or disorder that is experienced by the patient. Indications seen by the doctor are called signs. |
| Symptothermal method |
| Method of Natural family planning. |
| Syndrome |
| A group of symptoms and/or signs that together indicate a particular disorder. |
| Syphilis |
| A sexually transmitted disease caused by a microorganism called Treponema pallidum. |
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